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Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 274: L134-L142, 1998;
1040-0605/98 $5.00
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Vol. 274, Issue 1, L134-L142, January 1998

Role of oxidants in influenza virus-induced gene expression

Katharine Knobil1, Augustine M. K. Choi1, Gordon W. Weigand2, and David B. Jacoby1

1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and 2 Division of Clinical and Molecular Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205

Influenza virus-induced epithelial damage may be mediated, in part, by reactive oxygen intermediates (ROIs). In this study, we investigated the role of ROIs in the influenza virus-induced gene expression of antioxidant enzymes and in the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B), an oxidant-sensitive transcriptional factor. Influenza virus infection increased production of intracellular ROIs in A549 pulmonary epithelial cells. Induction of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) mRNA correlated with increased MnSOD protein and enzyme activity. Influenza virus infection also activated NF-kappa B binding as determined by an electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Pretreatment of A549 cells with N-acetyl-L-cysteine attenuated virus-induced NF-kappa B activation and interleukin (IL)-8 mRNA induction but did not block induction of MnSOD mRNA. In contrast, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate blocked activation of NF-kappa B and induction of MnSOD and IL-8 mRNAs. Treatment with pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate also markedly decreased virus-induced cell death. Thus oxidants are involved in influenza virus-induced activation of NF-kappa B, in the expression of IL-8 and MnSOD, and in virus-induced cell death.

manganese superoxide dismutase; interleukin-8; N-acetyl-L-cysteine; pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate; nuclear factor-kappa B


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