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-induced
-adrenergic
hyporesponsiveness in human airway smooth muscle cells
1 Physiology Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; 2 Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19002-2209; and 3 GSF National Research Center for Environment and Health Institute of Inhalation Biology, Oberschleissheim, Germany
We have previously reported that pretreatment of
cultured human airway smooth muscle (HASM) cells with interleukin-1
(IL-1
) results in decreased
-adrenergic responsiveness. The
purpose of this study was to determine whether prostanoids released as a result of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) induction by IL-1
contribute to
this effect of the cytokine. Confluent serum-deprived HASM cells were
studied in passages 4-7. IL-1
(20 ng/ml for 22 h) reduced the ability of the
-agonist isoproterenol (Iso) to decrease stiffness of HASM cells as measured by magnetic twisting cytometry. The
effect of IL-1
on Iso-induced changes in cell stiffness was abolished by nonselective [indomethacin (Indo),
10
6 M] and selective
(NS-398, 10
5 M) COX-2
inhibitors. Indo and NS-398 also inhibited both the increased basal
cAMP and the decreases in Iso-stimulated cAMP production induced by
IL-1
. IL-1
(20 ng/ml for 22 h) caused an increase in both basal
(15-fold) and arachidonic acid (AA)-stimulated (10-fold)
PGE2 release. Indo blocked basal
and AA-stimulated PGE2 release in
both control and IL-1
-treated cells. NS-398 also markedly reduced
basal and AA-stimulated PGE2
release in IL-1
-treated cells but had no significant effect on
AA-stimulated PGE2 release in
control cells. Western blot analysis confirmed the induction of COX-2
by IL-1
. Exogenously administered
PGE2
(10
7 M, 22 h) caused a
significant reduction in the ability of Iso to decrease cell stiffness,
mimicking the effects of IL-1
. Cycloheximide (10 µg/ml for 24 h),
an inhibitor of protein synthesis, also abolished the effects of
IL-1
on Iso-induced cell stiffness changes and cAMP formation. In
summary, our results indicate that IL-1
significantly increases
prostanoid release by HASM cells as a result of increased COX-2
expression. The prostanoids appear to contribute to
-adrenergic hyporesponsiveness, perhaps by heterologous desensitization of the
2 receptor.
prostaglandin E2; cytoskeletal
mechanics; indomethacin; NS-398; adenosine 3',5'-cyclic
monophosphate; interleukin-1
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