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Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 276: L805-L813, 1999;
1040-0605/99 $5.00
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Vol. 276, Issue 5, L805-L813, May 1999

Development of intrinsic tone in isolated pulmonary arterioles

Qiang Liu and J. T. Sylvester

Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21224

In isolated porcine pulmonary arterioles with endothelium, intraluminal diameter measured at a transmural pressure of 20 mmHg decreased spontaneously from 233 ± 11 to 171 ± 12 µm in 135 min. This intrinsic constriction was not prevented by indomethacin, tetraethylammonium, or superoxide dismutase. Indomethacin plus NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester caused initial constriction and BQ-123 or BQ-123 plus BQ-788 caused initial dilation, but these treatments did not prevent subsequent progressive constriction. In pulmonary arterioles with endothelium exposed to calcium-free conditions and pulmonary arterioles without endothelium, the intraluminal diameter measured at a transmural pressure of 20 mmHg was constant at 239 ± 16 and 174 ± 7 µm, respectively. Thus the spontaneous development of tone in isolated pulmonary arterioles required extracellular calcium and resulted from 1) time-independent smooth muscle contraction caused by mechanisms intrinsic to smooth muscle and 2) time-dependent contraction caused by decreasing activity of endothelium-derived relaxing factors other than nitric oxide, vasodilator prostaglandins, and hyperpolarizing factors acting on calcium-dependent potassium channels or increasing activity of endothelium-derived contracting factors other than endothelin-1, vasoconstrictor prostaglandins, and superoxide anions. Further investigation is indicated to identify these unknown mechanisms and determine their role in pulmonary vasoreactivity.

endothelium-derived relaxing factor; endothelium-derived contracting factor; nitric oxide; prostaglandins; endothelin-1; superoxide anions; extracellular calcium concentration; pig


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