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Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 277: L1018-L1025, 1999;
1040-0605/99 $5.00
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Vol. 277, Issue 5, L1018-L1025, November 1999

Spatial and temporal aspects of calcium sparks in porcine tracheal smooth muscle cells

Christina M. Pabelick1, Y. S. Prakash1, Mathur S. Kannan2, and Gary C. Sieck1,3

Departments of 1 Anesthesiology and 3 Physiology and Biophysics, Mayo Foundation, Rochester 55905; and 2 Departments of Veterinary PathoBiology and Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108

Spontaneous, localized intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) transients (Ca2+ sparks) in skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle cells are thought to represent Ca2+ release through ryanodine-receptor (RyR) channels. In porcine tracheal smooth muscle (TSM) cells, ACh induces propagating [Ca2+]i oscillations that also represent Ca2+ release through RyR channels. We used real-time confocal imaging to examine the spatial and temporal relationships of Ca2+ sparks to propagating [Ca2+]i oscillations in TSM cells. Ca2+ sparks within an intracellular region displayed different spatial Ca2+ distributions with every occurrence. The amplitudes of Ca2+ sparks within a region were approximately integer multiples of the smallest response. However, across different regions, the attributes of Ca2+ sparks varied considerably. Individual sparks were often grouped together and coupled across adjacent regions. Fusion of individual sparks produced large local elevations in [Ca2+]i that occasionally triggered a propagating [Ca2+]i wave. The incidence of sparks was increased by ryanodine and caffeine but was unaffected by removal of extracellular Ca2+. Exposure to ACh triggered repetitive, propagating [Ca2+]i oscillations that always originated from foci with a high spark incidence. The [Ca2+]i oscillations disappeared with the removal of ACh, and Ca2+ sparks reappeared. We conclude that agonist-induced [Ca2+]i oscillations represent a spatial and temporal integration of local Ca2+-release events through RyR channels in TSM cells.

second messenger; sarcoplasmic reticulum; ryanodine


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