|
|
||||||||
1 Laboratoire de Cytophysiologie et Toxicologie Cellulaire, Université Paris VII, 75251 Paris; and 2 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 408, Faculté X. Bichat, 75018 Paris, France
We have
previously shown that exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEPs)
stimulates human airway epithelial cells to secrete the inflammatory
cytokines interleukin-8, interleukin-1
, and granulocyte-macrophage
colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) involved in allergic diseases. In
the present paper, we studied the mechanisms underlying the increase in
GM-CSF release elicited by DEPs using the human bronchial epithelial
cell line 16HBE14o
. RT-PCR analysis has shown an increase in
GM-CSF mRNA levels after DEP treatments. Comparison of the effects of
DEPs, extracted DEPs, or extracts of DEPs has shown that the increase
in GM-CSF release is mainly due to the adsorbed organic compounds and
not to the metals present on the DEP surface because the metal chelator
desferrioxamine had no inhibitory effect. Furthermore, radical
scavengers inhibited the DEP-induced GM-CSF release, showing
involvement of reactive oxygen species in this response. Moreover
genistein, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, abrogated the effects of DEPs
on GM-CSF release, whereas protein kinase (PK) C, PKA, cyclooxygenase,
or lipoxygenase inhibitors had no effect. PD-98059, an inhibitor of
mitogen-activated protein kinase, diminished the effects of DEPs,
whereas SB-203580, an inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein
kinase, had a lower effect, and DEPs did actually increase the active,
phosphorylated form of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase as
shown by Western blotting. In addition, cytochalasin D, which inhibits the phagocytosis of DEPs, reduced the increase in GM-CSF release after
DEP treatment. Together, these data suggest that the increase in GM-CSF
release is mainly due to the adsorbed organic compounds and that the
effect of native DEPs requires endocytosis of the particles. Reactive
oxygen species and tyrosine kinase(s) may be involved in the
DEP-triggered signaling of the GM-CSF response.
granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; 16HBE14o
cells; signal transduction; reactive oxygen
species; cytokines; inflammation
This article has been cited by other articles:
![]() |
T. Stevens, Q. T. Krantz, W. P. Linak, S. Hester, and M. I. Gilmour Increased Transcription of Immune and Metabolic Pathways in Naive and Allergic Mice Exposed to Diesel Exhaust Toxicol. Sci., April 1, 2008; 102(2): 359 - 370. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
P E Schwarze, J Ovrevik, M Lag, M Refsnes, P Nafstad, R B Hetland, and E Dybing Particulate matter properties and health effects: consistency of epidemiological and toxicological studies Human and Experimental Toxicology, October 1, 2006; 25(10): 559 - 579. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. F. Behndig, I. S. Mudway, J. L. Brown, N. Stenfors, R. Helleday, S. T. Duggan, S. J. Wilson, C. Boman, F. R. Cassee, A. J. Frew, et al. Airway antioxidant and inflammatory responses to diesel exhaust exposure in healthy humans Eur. Respir. J., February 1, 2006; 27(2): 359 - 365. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. OVREVIK, T. MYRAN, M. REFSNES, M. LAG, R. BECHER, R. B. HETLAND, and P. E. SCHWARZE Mineral Particles of Varying Composition Induce Differential Chemokine Release from Epithelial Lung Cells: Importance of Physico-chemical Characteristics Ann. Hyg., April 1, 2005; 49(3): 219 - 231. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Blanchet, K. Ramgolam, A. Baulig, F. Marano, and A. Baeza-Squiban Fine Particulate Matter Induces Amphiregulin Secretion by Bronchial Epithelial Cells Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., April 1, 2004; 30(4): 421 - 427. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Q. Zhang, S. R. Kleeberger, and S. P. Reddy DEP-induced fra-1 expression correlates with a distinct activation of AP-1-dependent gene transcription in the lung Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, February 1, 2004; 286(2): L427 - L436. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. Baulig, M. Garlatti, V. Bonvallot, A. Marchand, R. Barouki, F. Marano, and A. Baeza-Squiban Involvement of reactive oxygen species in the metabolic pathways triggered by diesel exhaust particles in human airway epithelial cells Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, September 1, 2003; 285(3): L671 - L679. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
B. Doornaert, V. Leblond, S. Galiacy, G. Gras, E. Planus, V. Laurent, D. Isabey, and C. Lafuma Negative impact of DEP exposure on human airway epithelial cell adhesion, stiffness, and repair Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, January 1, 2003; 284(1): L119 - L132. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
N. Li, M. Wang, T. D. Oberley, J. M. Sempf, and A. E. Nel Comparison of the Pro-Oxidative and Proinflammatory Effects of Organic Diesel Exhaust Particle Chemicals in Bronchial Epithelial Cells and Macrophages J. Immunol., October 15, 2002; 169(8): 4531 - 4541. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
B. Granum and M. Lovik The Effect of Particles on Allergic Immune Responses Toxicol. Sci., January 1, 2002; 65(1): 7 - 17. [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
V. Bonvallot, A. Baeza-Squiban, A. Baulig, S. Brulant, S. Boland, F. Muzeau, R. Barouki, and F. Marano Organic Compounds from Diesel Exhaust Particles Elicit a Proinflammatory Response in Human Airway Epithelial Cells and Induce Cytochrome p450 1A1 Expression Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., October 1, 2001; 25(4): 515 - 521. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L. Calderón-Garcidueñas, G. Valencia-Salazar, A. Rodríguez-Alcaraz, T. M. Gambling, R. García, N. Osnaya, A. Villarreal-Calderón, R. B. Devlin, and J. L. Carson Ultrastructural Nasal Pathology in Children Chronically and Sequentially Exposed to Air Pollutants Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., February 1, 2001; 24(2): 132 - 138. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
P. Juvin, T. Fournier, M. Grandsaigne, J.-M. Desmonts, and M. Aubier Diesel particles increase phosphatidylcholine release through a NO pathway in alveolar type II cells Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, May 1, 2002; 282(5): L1075 - L1081. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |