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B induced by
H2O2 and TNF-
and its effects on ICAM-1 expression in endothelial
cells
Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60612
Reactive oxygen species have been proposed to signal the
activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor (NF)-
B in response to tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-
challenge. In the present study, we investigated the effects of H2O2 and
TNF-
in mediating activation of NF-
B and transcription of the
intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 gene. Northern blot analysis
showed that TNF-
exposure of human dermal microvascular endothelial
cells (HMEC-1) induced marked increases in ICAM-1 mRNA and cell surface
protein expression. In contrast, H2O2 added at
subcytolytic concentrations failed to activate ICAM-1 expression.
Challenge with H2O2 also failed to induce
NF-
B-driven reporter gene expression in the transduced HMEC-1 cells,
whereas TNF-
increased the NF-
B-driven gene expression
~10-fold. Gel supershift assay revealed the presence of p65 (Rel A),
p50, and c-Rel in both H2O2- and
TNF-
-induced NF-
B complexes bound to the ICAM-1 promoter, with
the binding of the p65 subunit being the most prominent. In vivo
phosphorylation studies, however, showed that TNF-
exposure induced
marked phosphorylation of NF-
B p65 in HMEC-1 cells, whereas
H2O2 had no effect. These results suggest that
reactive oxygen species generation in endothelial cells mediates the
binding of NF-
B to nuclear DNA, whereas TNF-
generates additional
signals that induce phosphorylation of the bound NF-
B p65 and confer
transcriptional competency to NF-
B.
redox state; intercellular adhesion molecule-1 promoter; tumor
necrosis factor-
; oxidants; nuclear factor-
B; signaling; hydrogen
peroxide
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