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1 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité U492, 2 Département de Physiologie, 3 Services de Pneumologie et 4 d'Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie, Hôpitaux Henri Mondor et Intercommunal de Créteil, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris XII, 94010 Créteil, France
Vascular endothelial growth
factor (VEGF) is a potent endothelial cell growth and permeability
factor highly expressed in rodent alveolar epithelium after injury and
repair. To investigate VEGF synthesis in human lung epithelial cells,
we examined VEGF expression by cultured cells under basal conditions
and after cytokine treatment or oxidative stress. Basal VEGF expression was detected in transformed human epithelial cell lines (A549 and
1HAEo
) and in primary human bronchial epithelial cells with RT-PCR,
Western blot, and immunocytochemistry. Among the cytokines tested, only
transforming growth factor-
1 increased the levels of excreted
VEGF165 as measured by ELISA. Under hypoxia (0%
O2 for 24 h), the VEGF165 level increased
fivefold, and this effect was O2 concentration dependent.
VEGF concentrations in the medium of all the cell types studied reached
values similar to those found in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids from
normal patients. Endothelial cells (human umbilical vein endothelial
cells) exposed to conditioned medium from primary bronchial epithelial
cell cultures showed an increased growth rate, which was inhibited in
the presence of a specific neutralizing antibody to VEGF. These results
suggest that lung epithelial cells participate in the endothelial
repair and angiogenesis that follow lung injury through the synthesis of VEGF.
angiogenesis; bronchial epithelial cells; lung injury
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