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-inducible chemokines
1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and 3 Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98195; and 2 Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109
Proinflammatory responses
generated by T helper type 1 (Th1) cells may contribute significantly
to immune-mediated lung injury. We describe a murine model of Th1
cell-induced lung injury in which adoptive transfer of alloreactive Th1
cells produces pulmonary inflammation characterized by mononuclear cell
vasculitis, alveolitis, and interstitial pneumonitis. To investigate
the link between activation of Th1 cells in the lung and inflammatory
cell recruitment, we characterized cytokine and chemokine mRNA
expression in Th1 cells activated in vitro and in lung tissue after
adoptive transfer of Th1 cells. Activated Th1 cells per se express mRNA
for interferon (IFN)-
and several members of the tumor necrosis
factor family as well as the C-C chemokine receptor-5 ligands regulated
on activation normal T cells expressed and secreted and macrophage
inflammatory protein-1
and -1
. Additional chemokine genes were
induced in the lung after Th1 cell administration, most notably
IFN-
-inducible protein (IP-10) and monokine induced by IFN-
(MIG). Remarkable increases in IP-10- and MIG-immunoreactive proteins
were present in inflammatory foci lung and identified in macrophages,
endothelium, bronchial epithelium, and alveolar structures. The
findings suggest that IFN-
-inducible chemokines are an important
mechanism for amplifying inflammation initiated by Th1 cells in the lung.
T helper type 1 and type 2 cells; interferon-
; inflammation; in
vivo animal models
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