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Pulmonary and Critical Care Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
The chemokine regulated on activation normal T
cells expressed and secreted (RANTES) has been implicated in eosinophil
chemotaxis in asthma and allergic diseases, which are thought to be T
helper (Th) type 2-dominated diseases. However, adoptive
transfer of Th1 cells in mice upregulates RANTES gene expression in the
lung, and increased RANTES expression has been documented in several Th1 cell-dominated conditions that are associated with neutrophilia. The in vivo role of RANTES in the pathogenesis of disease processes is
not well understood. To determine the effect of RANTES expression alone
in vivo, we generated transgenic mice that overexpress RANTES specifically in the lung in an inducible fashion. The airways of the
transgenic mice overexpressing RANTES displayed a significant increase
in neutrophil infiltration compared with that in control mice. The
increased airway neutrophilia was also evident when the transgenic mice
were tested in a murine model of allergic airway inflammation. RANTES
expression also induced expression of the chemokine genes macrophage
inflammatory protein-2, 10-kDa interferon-
-inducible protein, and
monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in the lungs of the transgenic mice.
Our studies highlight a hitherto unappreciated role for RANTES in
neutrophil trafficking during inflammation. Thus increased RANTES
expression, as observed during respiratory viral infections, may play
an important role in the associated neutrophilia and exacerbations of asthma.
chemokine; transgenic mice; lung inflammation; regulated on activation normal T cells expressed and secreted
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