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1 Medical Clinic, Section Sports Medicine, University of Heidelberg, 69115 Heidelberg; and 2 Department of Vegetative Physiology, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
Fluid reabsorption from alveolar
space is driven by active Na reabsorption via epithelial Na channels
(ENaCs) and Na-K-ATPase. Both are inhibited by hypoxia. Here we tested
whether hypoxia decreases Na transport by decreasing the number of
copies of transporters in alveolar epithelial cells and in lungs of
hypoxic rats. Membrane fractions were prepared from A549 cells exposed
to hypoxia (3% O2) as well as from whole lung tissue and
alveolar type II cells from rats exposed to hypoxia. Transport proteins
were measured by Western blot analysis. In A549 cells,
1- and
1-Na-K-ATPase, Na/K/2Cl
cotransport, and ENaC proteins decreased during hypoxia. In whole lung
tissue,
1-Na-K-ATPase and Na/K/2Cl cotransport decreased.
- and
-ENaC mRNAs also decreased in hypoxic lungs. Similar results were seen in alveolar type II cells from hypoxic rats. These results indicate a slow decrease in the amount of Na-transporting proteins in alveolar epithelial cells during exposure to hypoxia that also occurs in vivo in lungs from hypoxic animals. The
reduced number of transporters might account for the decreased transport activity and impaired edema clearance in hypoxic lungs.
hypoxic pulmonary edema; sodium-potassium-adenosine 5'-triphosphatase; sodium/potassium/2 chloride cotransport; epithelial sodium channel; alveolar epithelium; expression
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