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Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60607-7170
The forkhead box (Fox)
proteins are a growing family of transcription factors that have
important roles in cellular proliferation and differentiation and in
organ morphogenesis. The Fox family members hepatocyte nuclear factor
(HNF)-3
(Foxa2) and HNF-3/forkhead homolog (HFH)-8 (FREAC-1, Foxf1)
are expressed in adult pulmonary epithelial and mesenchymal cells,
respectively, but these cells display only low expression levels of the
proliferation-specific HFH-11B gene (Trident, Foxm1b). The regulation
of these Fox transcription factors in response to acute lung injury,
however, has yet to be determined. We report here on the use of
butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)-mediated lung injury to demonstrate that
HFH-11 protein and RNA levels were markedly increased throughout the
period of lung repair. The maximum levels of HFH-11 were observed by
day 2 following BHT injury when both bronchiolar and
alveolar epithelial cells were undergoing extensive proliferation.
Although BHT lung injury did not alter epithelial cell expression of
HNF-3
, a 65% reduction in HFH-8 mRNA levels was observed during the
period of mesenchymal cell proliferation. HFH-8-expressing cells were colocalized with platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1-positive alveolar endothelial cells and with
-smooth muscle actin-positive peribronchiolar smooth muscle cells.
winged helix/forkhead box DNA binding domain; hepatocyte nuclear factor 3/forkhead homolog; alveolar endothelial cell; alveolar type II cell; bronchiolar epithelial cells.
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