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Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 281: L660-L667, 2001;
1040-0605/01 $5.00
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Vol. 281, Issue 3, L660-L667, September 2001

Surfactant proteins A and D in Eustachian tube epithelium

Reija Paananen1,2, Raija Sormunen1,3, Virpi Glumoff1,2, Martin van Eijk4, and Mikko Hallman1,2

1 Biocenter Oulu, 2 Department of Pediatrics, and 3 Department of Pathology, University of Oulu, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland; and 4 Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands

Surfactant protein (SP) A and SP-D are collectins that have roles in host defense. The Eustachian tube (ET) maintains the patency between the upper airways and the middle ear. Dysfunction of local mucosal immunity in ET may predispose infants to recurrent otitis media. We recently described preliminary evidence of the expression of SP-A and SP-D in the ET. Our present aim was to establish the sites of SP-A and SP-D expression within the epithelium of the ET in vivo. With in situ hybridization, electron microscopy, and immunoelectron microscopy, the cells responsible for SP-A and SP-D expression and storage were identified. SP-A expression was localized within the ET epithelium, and the protein was found in the electron-dense granules of microvillar epithelial cells. Being concentrated in the epithelial lining, only a few cells revealed intracellular SP-D, and it was not associated with granules. The SP-A and SP-D immunoreactivities in ET lavage fluid, as shown by Western blot analyses, were similar to those in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. We propose that there are specialized cells in the ET epithelium expressing and secreting SP-A and SP-D. SP-A and SP-D may be important for antibody-independent protection of the middle ear against infections.

collectin; innate immunity; in situ hybridization; immunoelectron microscopy


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