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Departments of 1 Cell Biology, 2 Immunology, and 4 Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710; and 3 Institute of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
Surfactant protein (SP) D functions as a soluble pattern recognition molecule to mediate the clearance of pathogens by phagocytes in the innate immune response. We hypothesize that SP-D may also interact with dendritic cells, the most potent antigen presenting cell, to enhance uptake and presentation of bacterial antigens. Using mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells, we show that SP-D binds to immature dendritic cells in a dose-, carbohydrate-, and calcium-dependent manner, whereas SP-D binding to mature dendritic cells is reduced. SP-D also binds to Escherichia coli HB101 and enhances its association with dendritic cells. Additionally, SP-D enhances the antigen presentation of an ovalbumin fusion protein expressed in E. coli HB101 to ovalbumin-specific major histocompatibility complex class II T cell hybridomas. The enhancement of antigen presentation by SP-D is dose dependent and is not shared by other collectin-like proteins tested. These studies demonstrate that SP-D augments antigen presentation by dendritic cells and suggest that innate immune molecules such as SP-D may help initiate an adaptive immune response for the purpose of resolving an infection.
antigen presenting cell; innate immune response; adaptive immune response; phagocytosis; lung
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