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1 Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; 2 Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Women's and Children's Hospital, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033; 3 Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, California 95616; 4 Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201; 5 Division of Pulmonary Biology, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229; and 6 Department of Pediatrics and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Harbor-University of California Los Angeles Research and Education Institute, Torrance, California 90502
We propose that lung morphogenesis and repair are characterized by complex cell-cell interactions of endodermal and mesodermal origin, leading to (or returning back to) an alveolar structure that can effectively exchange gases between the circulation and the alveolar space. We provide the developmental basis for cell/molecular control of lung development and disease, what is known about growth and transcription factors in normal and abnormal lung development, and how endodermal and mesodermal cell origins interact during lung development and disease. The global mechanisms that mediate mesenchymal-epithelial interactions and the plasticity of mesenchymal cells in normal lung development and remodeling provide a functional genomic model that may bring these concepts closer together. We present a synopsis followed by a vertical integration of the developmental and injury/repair mechanisms.
bronchopulmonary dyplasia; smooth muscle; terminal sac
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