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-induced airway hyperresponsiveness
enhances substance P in intrinsic neurons of ferret airway
1 Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown 26506; and 2 Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
Interleukin (IL)-1
causes airway
inflammation, enhances airway smooth muscle responsiveness, and alters
neurotransmitter expression in sensory, sympathetic, and myenteric
neurons. This study examines the role of intrinsic airway neurons in
airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) induced by IL-1
. Ferrets were
instilled intratracheally with IL-1
(0.3 µg/0.3 ml) or saline (0.3 ml) once daily for 5 days. Tracheal smooth muscle contractility in vitro and substance P (SP) expression in tracheal neurons were assessed. Tracheal smooth muscle reactivity to acetylcholine (ACh) and
methacholine (MCh) and smooth muscle contractions to electric field
stimulation (EFS) both increased after IL-1
. The IL-1
-induced AHR
was maintained in tracheal segments cultured for 24 h, a procedure that depletes SP from sensory nerves while maintaining viability of
intrinsic airway neurons. Pretreatment with CP-99994, an antagonist of
neurokinin 1 receptor, attenuated the IL-1
-induced hyperreactivity to ACh and MCh and to EFS in cultured tracheal segments. SP-containing neurons in longitudinal trunk, SP innervation of superficial muscular plexus neurons, and SP nerve fiber density in tracheal smooth muscle
all increased after treatment with IL-1
. These results show that
IL-1
-enhanced cholinergic airway smooth muscle contractile responses
are mediated by the actions of SP released from intrinsic airway neurons.
airway inflammation; airway smooth muscle contraction; muscarinic agonists; neurokinin receptor; airway innervation
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