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regulates pulmonary alveolus
formation in mice after, but not during, perinatal period
Lung Biology Laboratory, Departments of 1 Pediatrics and 2 Medicine, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia 20057-1481; and 3 Institute de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67404 Illkirch, Strasbourg, France
The formation of pulmonary alveoli in mice
and rats by subdivision of alveolar saccules that constitute the
newborn's gas-exchange region ends by approximately postnatal
day 14. However, alveoli continue to form after age 14 days
until age ~40 days by means other than septation of the saccules
present at birth. With the use of morphometric procedures and retinoic
acid receptor (RAR)-
+/+ and RAR-
/
mice, we now show the volume of individual alveoli (
a), the number of alveoli (Na), and alveolar surface area (Sa) are the same in
14-day-old RAR-+/+ and RAR-/ mice.
However, at age 50 days, a is larger, and Na and Sa are smaller,
in RAR-/ than in RAR-+/+ mice,
although total lung volume is the same in both groups. These findings,
and prior data showing RAR-
is an endogenous inhibitor of alveolus
formation during, but not after, the perinatal period, indicate there
are developmental period-specific regulators of alveolus formation and
that total lung volume and alveolar dimensions may have different regulators.
all-trans retinoic acid; retinoic acid receptor- null
mice; morphometry; lung volume
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