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Department of Physiology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108
Electrolyte transport across the
adult alveolar epithelium plays an important role in maintaining a thin
fluid layer along the apical surface of the alveolus that facilitates
gas exchange across the epithelium. Most of the work published on the
transport properties of alveolar epithelial cells has focused on the
mechanisms and regulation of Na+ transport and, in
particular, the role of amiloride-sensitive Na+ channels in
the apical membrane and the Na+-K+-ATPase
located in the basolateral membrane. Less is known about the identity
and role of Cl
and K+ channels in alveolar
epithelial cells, but studies are revealing important functions for
these channels in regulation of alveolar fluid volume and ionic
composition. The purpose of this review is to examine previous work
published on Cl and K+ channels in alveolar
epithelial cells and to discuss the conclusions and speculations
regarding their role in alveolar cell transport function.
alveolar fluid clearance; Cl absorption; K+ secretion; epithelial ion transport
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