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Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 284: L1072-L1081, 2003. First published March 14, 2003; doi:10.1152/ajplung.00283.2002
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Vol. 284, Issue 6, L1072-L1081, June 2003

Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis during polystyrene microsphere-induced pulmonary embolism in the rat

Alan E. Jones1, John A. Watts1, Jacob P. Debelak1, Lisa R. Thornton1, John G. Younger2, and Jeffrey A. Kline1

1 Department of Emergency Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina 28203; and 2 Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109

Our objective was to test the effect of inhibition of thromboxane synthase versus inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1/2 on pulmonary gas exchange and heart function during simulated pulmonary embolism (PE) in the rat. PE was induced in rats via intrajugular injection of polystyrene microspheres (25 µm). Rats were randomized to one of three posttreatments: 1) placebo (saline), 2) thromboxane synthase inhibition (furegrelate sodium), or 3) COX-1/2 inhibition (ketorolac tromethamine). Control rats received no PE. Compared with controls, placebo rats had increased thromboxane B2 (TxB2) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and increased urinary dinor TxB2. Furegrelate and ketorolac treatments reduced TxB2 and dinor TxB2 to control levels or lower. Both treatments significantly decreased the alveolar dead space fraction, but neither treatment altered arterial oxygenation compared with placebo. Ketorolac increased in vivo mean arterial pressure and ex vivo left ventricular pressure (LVP) and right ventricular pressure (RVP). Furegrelate improved RVP but not LVP. Experimental PE increased lung and systemic production of TxB2. Inhibition at the COX-1/2 enzyme was equally as effective as inhibition of thromboxane synthase at reducing alveolar dead space and improving heart function after PE.

thromboembolism/treatment; cyclooxygenase; thromboxane; leukotriene; ketorolac; heart failure; Langendorff; animal model


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