| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
INVITED REVIEW
Department of Physiology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688
Lung injury is a broad descriptor that can be applied to conditions ranging from mild interstitial edema without cellular injury to massive and fatal destruction of the lung. This review addresses those methods that can be readily applied to rats and mice whose small size limits the techniques that can be practically used to assess injury. The methodologies employed range from nonspecific measurement of edema formation to techniques for calculating values of specific permeability coefficient for the microvascular membrane in lung. Accumulation of pulmonary edema can be easily and quantitatively measured using gravimetric methods and indicates an imbalance in filtration forces or restrictive properties of the microvascular barrier. Lung compliance can be continuously measured, and light and electron microscopy can be used regardless of lung size to detect edema and structural damage. Increases in fluid and/or protein flux due to increased permeability must also be separated from those due to increased filtration pressure for mechanistic interpretation. Although an increase in the initial lung albumin clearance compared with controls matched for size and filtration pressure is a reliable indicator of endothelial dysfunction, calculated alterations in capillary filtration coefficient Kf,c, reflection coefficient 
, and permeability-surface area product PS are the most accurate indicators of increased permeability. Generally, PS and Kf,c will increase and will decrease with vascular injury, but derecruitment of microvascular surface area may attenuate the affect on PS and Kf,c without altering measurements of .
edema; acute respiratory distress syndrome
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  J. Yin, J. Hoffmann, S. M. Kaestle, N. Neye, L. Wang, J. Baeurle, W. Liedtke, S. Wu, H. Kuppe, A. R. Pries, et al. Negative-Feedback Loop Attenuates Hydrostatic Lung Edema via a cGMP-Dependent Regulation of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 Circ. Res., April 25, 2008; 102(8): 966 - 974. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. P. Mizgerd and S. J. Skerrett Animal models of human pneumonia Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, March 1, 2008; 294(3): L387 - L398. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Miyahara, K. Hamanaka, D. S. Weber, M. Anghelescu, J. R. Frost, J. A. King, and J. C. Parker Cytosolic phospholipase A2 and arachidonic acid metabolites modulate ventilator-induced permeability increases in isolated mouse lungs J Appl Physiol, February 1, 2008; 104(2): 354 - 362. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Troyanovsky, D. F. Alvarez, J. A. King, and K. L. Schaphorst Thrombin enhances the barrier function of rat microvascular endothelium in a PAR-1-dependent manner Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, February 1, 2008; 294(2): L266 - L275. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Hamanaka, M.-Y. Jian, D. S. Weber, D. F. Alvarez, M. I. Townsley, A. B. Al-Mehdi, J. A. King, W. Liedtke, and J. C. Parker TRPV4 initiates the acute calcium-dependent permeability increase during ventilator-induced lung injury in isolated mouse lungs Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, October 1, 2007; 293(4): L923 - L932. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. M. Mutlu, D. Machado-Aranda, J. E. Norton, A. Bellmeyer, D. Urich, R. Zhou, and D. A. Dean Electroporation-mediated Gene Transfer of the Na+,K+-ATPase Rescues Endotoxin-induced Lung Injury Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., September 15, 2007; 176(6): 582 - 590. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Bhattacharya Interpreting the lung microvascular filtration coefficient Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, July 1, 2007; 293(1): L9 - L10. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Miyahara, K. Hamanaka, D. S. Weber, D. A. Drake, M. Anghelescu, and J. C. Parker Phosphoinositide 3-kinase, Src, and Akt modulate acute ventilation-induced vascular permeability increases in mouse lungs Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, July 1, 2007; 293(1): L11 - L21. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Ochs Stereological analysis of acute lung injury Eur. Respir. Rev., December 1, 2006; 15(101): 115 - 121. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. F. Alvarez, J. A. King, D. Weber, E. Addison, W. Liedtke, and M. I. Townsley Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4-Mediated Disruption of the Alveolar Septal Barrier: A Novel Mechanism of Acute Lung Injury Circ. Res., October 27, 2006; 99(9): 988 - 995. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Rodrigo, S. Trujillo, and C. Bosco Biochemical and Ultrastructural Lung Damage Induced by Rhabdomyolysis in the Rat Experimental Biology and Medicine, September 1, 2006; 231(8): 1430 - 1438. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z. Zhou, J. Kozlowski, and D. P. Schuster Physiologic, Biochemical, and Imaging Characterization of Acute Lung Injury in Mice Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., August 1, 2005; 172(3): 344 - 351. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. E. Vlahakis and R. D. Hubmayr Cellular Stress Failure in Ventilator-injured Lungs Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., June 15, 2005; 171(12): 1328 - 1342. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Yoshikawa, J. A. King, R. N. Lausch, A. M. Penton, F. G. Eyal, and J. C. Parker Acute ventilator-induced vascular permeability and cytokine responses in isolated and in situ mouse lungs J Appl Physiol, December 1, 2004; 97(6): 2190 - 2199. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Heckel, R. Kiefmann, M. Dorger, M. Stoeckelhuber, and A. E. Goetz Colloidal gold particles as a new in vivo marker of early acute lung injury Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, October 1, 2004; 287(4): L867 - L878. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Yoshikawa, J. A. King, S. D. Reynolds, B. R. Stripp, and J. C. Parker Time and pressure dependence of transvascular Clara cell protein, albumin, and IgG transport during ventilator-induced lung injury in mice Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, March 1, 2004; 286(3): L604 - L612. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
