| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
INVITED REVIEW
Mucosal Biology Research Center, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
Toll-like receptor (TLR) proteins have been shown to play a pivotal role in both innate and adaptive immune responses in higher vertebrates. TLR proteins enable the host to recognize a large number of pathogen-associated molecular patterns such as bacterial lipopolysaccharides, viral RNA, CpG-containing DNA, and flagellin, among others. Engagement of TLR proteins leads to the upregulation of costimulatory molecules and proinflammatory cytokines, as well as reactive nitrogen and oxygen products. The role of TLR proteins in lung-associated pathologies such as airway hyperreactivity, allergic asthma, and tuberculosis is being intensively studied. This review summarizes many of the findings made to date on the roles of TLR proteins in a variety of lung diseases. Generally, TLR proteins serve a protective role in infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis. The progression of chronic inflammatory lung diseases, such as allergic asthma, can also be influenced by TLR-dependent responses.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  K. L. Bailey, J. A. Poole, T. L. Mathisen, T. A. Wyatt, S. G. Von Essen, and D. J. Romberger Toll-like receptor 2 is upregulated by hog confinement dust in an IL-6-dependent manner in the airway epithelium Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, June 1, 2008; 294(6): L1049 - L1054. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Ueno, T. Koga, K. Kato, D. T. Golenbock, S. J. Gendler, H. Kai, and K. C. Kim MUC1 Mucin Is a Negative Regulator of Toll-Like Receptor Signaling Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., March 1, 2008; 38(3): 263 - 268. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. F.-Y. Cheung, C.-K. Wong, W.-K. Ip, and C. W.-K. Lam FAK-mediated activation of ERK for eosinophil migration: a novel mechanism for infection-induced allergic inflammation Int. Immunol., March 1, 2008; 20(3): 353 - 363. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Basu, T. J. Kang, W. H. Chen, M. J. Fenton, L. Baillie, S. Hibbs, and A. S. Cross Role of Bacillus anthracis Spore Structures in Macrophage Cytokine Responses Infect. Immun., May 1, 2007; 75(5): 2351 - 2358. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Aflatoonian, E. Tuckerman, S.L. Elliott, C. Bruce, A. Aflatoonian, T.C. Li, and A. Fazeli Menstrual cycle-dependent changes of Toll-like receptors in endometrium Hum. Reprod., February 1, 2007; 22(2): 586 - 593. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. Bachar, M. Adner, and L.-O. Cardell Toll-like receptor activation in airway smooth muscle: dual actions via separate MAPK pathways Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, September 1, 2006; 291(3): L322 - L323. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Sodek, A. P. Batista Da Silva, and R. Zohar Osteopontin and Mucosal Protection Journal of Dental Research, May 1, 2006; 85(5): 404 - 415. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. M. El-Achkar, X. Huang, Z. Plotkin, R. M. Sandoval, G. J. Rhodes, and P. C. Dagher Sepsis induces changes in the expression and distribution of Toll-like receptor 4 in the rat kidney Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, May 1, 2006; 290(5): F1034 - F1043. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Qiao, M. V. Andrade, F. A. Lisboa, K. Morgan, and M. A. Beaven Fc{epsilon}R1 and toll-like receptors mediate synergistic signals to markedly augment production of inflammatory cytokines in murine mast cells Blood, January 15, 2006; 107(2): 610 - 618. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Hall, I. S. Singh, L. Hester, J. D. Hasday, and T. B. Rogers Inhibitor-{kappa}B kinase-{beta} regulates LPS-induced TNF-{alpha} production in cardiac myocytes through modulation of NF-{kappa}B p65 subunit phosphorylation Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, November 1, 2005; 289(5): H2103 - H2111. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. C. Taggart, C. M. Greene, T. P. Carroll, S. J. O'Neill, and N. G. McElvaney Elastolytic Proteases: Inflammation Resolution and Dysregulation in Chronic Infective Lung Disease Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., May 15, 2005; 171(10): 1070 - 1076. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Fazeli, C. Bruce, and D.O. Anumba Characterization of Toll-like receptors in the female reproductive tract in humans Hum. Reprod., May 1, 2005; 20(5): 1372 - 1378. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
