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Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 294: L1043-L1048, 2008. First published March 21, 2008; doi:10.1152/ajplung.00125.2007
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Intratracheal perfluorocarbons diminish LPS-induced increase in systemic TNF-{alpha}

Wolfram Burkhardt,1 Petra Koehne,2 Heide Wissel,3 Susanne Graf,3 Hans Proquitté,3 Roland R. Wauer,3 and Mario Rüdiger1,3

1Department for Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Klinik für Kinderheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Medizinische Fakultät der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden; 2Clinic for Neonatology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, and 3Clinic for Neonatology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany

Submitted 30 March 2007 ; accepted in final form 4 March 2008

Perfluorocarbons (PFC) reduce the production of various inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-{alpha}. The anti-inflammatory effect is not entirely understood. If anti-inflammatory properties are caused by a mechanical barrier, PFC in the alveoli should have no effect on the inflammatory response to intravenous LPS administration. To test that hypothesis, rats (n = 31) were administered LPS intravenously and were either spontaneously breathing (Spont), conventionally ventilated (CMV), or receiving partial liquid ventilation (PLV). Serum concentration of TNF-{alpha} was measured. The pulmonary expressions of TNF-{alpha} and TNF-{alpha} receptor 1 protein and of TNF-{alpha} and ICAM-1 mRNA were determined. LPS caused a significant (P < 0.001) increase in serum TNF-{alpha}. Serum TNF-{alpha} concentration was similar in LPS/Spont (525 ± 180 pg/ml) and LPS/CMV (504 ± 154 pg/ml) but was significantly (P < 0.001) lower in animals of the LPS/PLV group (274 ± 101 pg/ml). Immunohistochemical data on TNF-{alpha} protein expression showed a LPS-induced increase in TNF-{alpha} and TNF-{alpha} receptor 1 expression that was diminished by partial liquid ventilation. PCR measurements revealed a lower expression of TNF-{alpha} and ICAM-1 mRNA in LPS/PLV than in LPS/CMV or LPS/Spont animals. Semiquantitative histological evaluation revealed only minor alveolar inflammation with no significant differences between the groups. Low serum TNF-{alpha} concentration in PFC-treated animals is most likely explained by a decreased production of TNF-{alpha} in the lung.

fluorocarbons; tumor necrosis factor-{alpha}; lipopolysaccharide; liquid ventilation; anti-inflammatory agents


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: M. Rüdiger, Dept. for Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Klinik für Kinderheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Medizinische Fakultät der Technischen Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany (e-mail: mario.ruediger{at}uniklinikum-dresden.de)






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