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1 Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: alazaar{at}mail.med.upenn.edu.
In severe asthma, cytokines and growth factors contribute to the proliferation of smooth muscle cells and blood vessels, as well as to the increased extracellular matrix deposition that constitute the process of airway remodeling. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which regulates vascular permeability and angiogenesis, also modulates the function of non-endothelial cell
types. In this study, we demonstrate that VEGF induces fibronectin secretion by human airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. In addition, stimulation of ASM with VEGF activates ERK, but not p38MAPK, and fibronectin secretion is ERK-dependent. Both ERK activation and fibronectin secretion appear to be mediated through the VEGF receptor flt-1, as evidenced by the effects of the flt-1-specific ligand placenta growth factor. Finally, we demonstrate that ASM cells constitutively secrete VEGF, which is increased in response to PDGF, TGF
, IL-1 and PGE2. We conclude that ASM-derived VEGF, through modulation of the extracellular matrix, may play
an important role in airway remodeling seen in asthma.
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