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1 Division of Intramural Research, NIH/NIEHS, Durham, North Carolina, United States
2 Division of Intramural Research, NIH/NIEHS, RTP, North Carolina, United States
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: zeldin{at}niehs.nih.gov.
Numerous animal studies have revealed significant effects of sex and sex hormones on normal lung development, lung physiology and various lung diseases. The primary goal of this review is to summarize knowledge to date on the effects of sex and sex hormones on lung development, physiology and disease in animals. Specific emphasis will be placed on fibrosis, allergic airway disease, acute lung injury models, respiratory infection and lung toxicology studies.
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