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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print October 5, 2001
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, 10.1152/ajplung.00183.2001
Submitted on May 25, 2001
Accepted on October 3, 2001
1 Physiology, Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH, USA
2 Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
3 Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: hgfolkes{at}neoucom.edu.
Knowledge about the conversion of the epithelium in the distal air spaces of the lung from secretion to absorption is imperative to the understanding of the postnatal lung development and little such information is available in rats. Distal airspace fluid clearance was therefore measured in 21-22-day gestation rat fetuses and newborn (40 hours) rats. Distal airspace fluid clearance was measured from the increase in 131I-albumin concentration in an isosmolar, physiologic solution instilled into the developing lungs. There was no net fluid movement across the distal airspace epithelium in the lungs of 21-day gestation fetuses. Twenty-four hours later, distal airspace fluid was cleared at a rapid rate in the 22-day gestation fetuses. The rate rapidly declined within the first 40 hours after birth to adult levels. The high distal airspace fluid clearance at 22 days gestation and at 40 hours after birth was mediated by ß-adrenergic receptors as demonstrated by elevated plasma epinephrine levels and inhibition by propranolol. Interestingly, the elevated distal airspace fluid clearance in the 22-day gestation fetuses was only minimally amiloride-sensitive; however, amiloride-sensitivity increased over the first 40 hours after birth. In conclusion, these studies demonstrate (1) that rapid rates of net alveolar fluid clearance occur late in gestation in the rat and (2) that this clearance is driven by elevations of endogenous epinephrine.
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