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Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol (November 15, 2002). doi:10.1152/ajplung.00270.2002
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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print November 15, 2002
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, 10.1152/ajplung.00270.2002
Submitted on August 8, 2002
Accepted on November 7, 2002

Regulation of nitric oxide production in limb and ventilatory muscles during chronic exercise training

Theodoros Vassilakopoulos1, Gail Dechman2, Mustafa Kebbewar1, George Rallis1, Rania Harfouche1, and Sabah NA Hussain1*

1 Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
2 Department of Physical Therapy, Husson College, Bangor, ME, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: sabah.hussain{at}muhc.mcgil.ca.

In this study, we evaluated the differential influence of chronic treadmill training (30 m/min, 15% incline, 1 hr/day, 5 days/week) on nitric oxide (NO) production, NO synthase (NOS) isoform expression as well as 3-nitrotyrosine formation (footprint of peroxynitrite) both in limb (gastrocnemius) and ventilatory (diaphragm) muscles. A group of exercise-trained rats and a control group (no training) were examined after 4-week experimental period. Exercise training elicited about 4-fold rise in gastrocnemius NOS activity and augmented protein expression of the endothelial (eNOS) and neuronal (nNOS) isoforms of NOS to about 480% and 240%, respectively. Qualitatively similar but quantitatively smaller elevations in NOS activity and eNOS and nNOS expression were observed in the diaphragm. No detectable iNOS protein expression was found in any of the muscle samples. Training increased the intensity of 3-nitrotyrosine only in the gastrocnemius muscle. We conclude that whole body exercise training enhances both limb and ventilatory muscle NO production and that constitutive and not inducible NOS isoforms are responsible for increased protein tyrosine nitration in trained limb muscles.




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