The main etiologic factor for chronic bronchitis is cigarette smoke. Exposure to cigarette smoke is reported to induce goblet cell hyperplasia and mucus production. Mucin synthesis in airways has been reported to be regulated by EGFR system. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-(PPAR-) is a member of the ligand-activated nuclear receptor superfamily. PPAR- is implicated in anti-inflammatory responses, but mechanisms underlying these varied roles remain ill-defined. Recently, reports have shown that upregulation of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) might be one of the mechanisms through which PPAR- agonists exert their anti-inflammatory actions. However, no data are available on the role of PPAR- in smoke-induced mucin production. In this study, we investigated the effect of PPAR- agonist (rosiglitazone) on smoke-induced mucin production in NCI-H292 cells. Exposure to cigarette smoke causes a significant decrease in PTEN expression and increases dose-dependent EGFR-specific tyrosine phosphorylation, resulting in MUC5AC mucin production in NCI-H292 cells. PPAR- agonists or specific inhibitors of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) exert inhibition of cigarette smoke induced mucin production, with the upregulation of PTEN signaling and down-regulation of Akt expression. This study demonstrates that PPAR- agonist function as a regulator of epithelial cell inflammation that may result in reduction of mucin-producing cells in airway epithelium.