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Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 288: L546-L551, 2005. First published November 12, 2004; doi:10.1152/ajplung.00107.2004
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Both cAMP and cGMP are required for maximal ciliary beat stimulation in a cell-free model of bovine ciliary axonemes

Todd A. Wyatt,1,2 Mary A. Forgèt,2 Jennifer M. Adams,2 and Joseph H. Sisson2

1Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; and 2Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Section, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska

Submitted 24 March 2004 ; accepted in final form 8 November 2004

Previously, we have shown that the ATPase-dependent motion of cilia in bovine bronchial epithelial cells (BBEC) can be regulated through the cyclic nucleotides, cAMP via the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) and cGMP via the cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG). Both cyclic nucleotides cause an increase in cilia beat frequency (CBF). We hypothesized that cAMP and cGMP may act directly at the level of the ciliary axoneme in BBEC. To examine this, we employed a novel cell-free system utilizing detergent-extracted axonemes. Axoneme movement was whole-field analyzed digitally with the Sisson-Ammons video analysis system. A suspension of extracted axonemes remains motionless until the addition of 1 mM ATP that establishes a baseline CBF similar to that seen when analyzing intact ciliated BBEC. Adding 10 µM cAMP or 10 µM cGMP increases CBF beyond the established ATP baseline. However, the cyclic nucleotides did not stimulate CBF in the absence of ATP. Therefore, the combination of cAMP and cGMP augments ATP-driven CBF increases at the level of isolated axoneme.

cilia; adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate; guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: T. A. Wyatt, Dept. of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Sect., Univ. of Nebraska Medical Center, 985300 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5300 (E-mail: twyatt{at}unmc.edu)




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